In Praise of Play: Activities for Children and Families in Rural Communities

Not all of America’s children are thriving: Approximately 13.7 million children and adolescents — nearly one in five — are classified as obese. Around 4.4 million children have received an anxiety disorder diagnosis, and 1.9 million have diagnosed depression, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Furthermore, Generation Z, the most recently graduated class of children, is the loneliest generation and reported worse health outcomes than older generations, according to a report from Cigna.

Experts at the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) believe playtime could be the solution to the apparent decline in children’s health. Physical activity and play has been shown to alleviate these concerns, but only 21.6 percent of children and adolescents ages 6 to 19 meet the daily recommendations for physical activity set forth by the Department of Health and Human Services.

For children in rural communities, getting enough physical activity can be especially hard, said M. Renee Umstattd Meyer, Ph.D., MCHES, associate professor with Baylor University Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences. Rural families are more likely to live in or near poverty, which can mean parents are working multiple jobs. These areas also have fewer transportation options, and kids may have to spend precious daylight hours — prime time for outdoor play — on the bus traveling to and from school.

“The children in those families then lose the resource of how to get to places, and there’s less right outside their front door,” said Umstattd Meyer. “Sometimes, right outside their front door there’s a huge highway.”

Go to a tabular version of “Percentage of Youth Within a 10-Minute Walk of a Park.”

Take Texas, for example: In Dallas, the third-most populated Texas city, 63 percent of children live within a 10-minute walk of a park. But in Victoria, Texas — where the population is 20 times smaller than Dallas — fewer than one-third of children can access a park as easily.

Still, measuring cities may not capture the reality of living in Texas, because much of the state is rural, as population density data indicates. For example, Galveston, the least-populated Texas city, has a population density of 1,158.2 persons per square mile, whereas the average population density of Texas is 96.3 persons per square mile. Those in more rural areas who live farther from each other and from built environments — the developed spaces where people live and work — may have even less access to a nearby park.

Play sharpens children’s minds, refines their social skills, stokes their imagination, and helps keep their bodies healthy. Through playtime, children develop into resilient, self-reliant adults who can connect, empathize, and live peaceably with one another in community. The AAP encourages healthcare providers to write “playtime prescriptions” for children in the first two years of life, because play benefits children in manifold ways:

“Almost everybody can benefit from adding more physical activity and movement to their lives,” Umstattd Meyer said. People with a higher risk of chronic disease and lower quality of life can especially benefit from physical activity. Often, though, these families are the ones with the least access to healthy, active lifestyles. 

Lower-income rural families face similar challenges accessing resources as those in urban areas. However, these challenges are compounded by the geographic dispersion and lack of infrastructure in rural communities. 

“Often there’s less money that comes into infrastructure within those communities,” Umstattd Meyer said. “More money has to go further, and fewer people are there to make things happen.” 

Racial and ethnic health disparities, though not specific to rural communities, tend to be more prominent in those areas, she added.

Umstattd Meyer advises adults to take ownership of their communities and make the most of the available resources, even if few and far between. She has the following recommendations for ways to help you and your family be more active: 

If the bus ride to school takes hours and your child gets home when it’s too dark to play outside, after-school programming or team sports may be more convenient options. Ask about summer programs, too.

Churches often host after-school programming that can give your child opportunities to socialize and play outside in a safe environment with other kids. 

“Rural areas have great natural resources that often, quite frankly, are overlooked,” Umstattd Meyer said. Provided these areas are safe, they can be good options for hikes, walks, and bike rides. 

Think about the events coming up in your community — whether it’s a potluck, festival, or cookout — and consider adding in physical activity. If you’re hosting a festival, can you add some activity stations? If you’re going to a cookout, can you bring jump ropes and hula hoops?

School programs and organized events are great ways to help children stay active, but healthy play can also happen at home and in children’s own neighborhoods.

Below, find eight ideas for creative play that do not require a playground or expensive toys –– only materials you probably already have in your home. These activities are appropriate for children more than 18 months old.

While not a panacea, a healthy amount of play can help children grow up into well-rounded adults. Caregivers, teachers, babysitters, coaches, and mentors can support their healthy development by making sure children have time and space to play. You can provide the structure and supplies that allow them to choose their own adventures and make their own discoveries.

The following section contains tabular data from the graphic in this post.

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Citation for this content: The MPH online program from Baylor University’s Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences.